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Possible Moringa Oleifers amelioration of atrial fibrillation induced by exposure to petrol vapour in wistar rats
(Science Association of Nigeria, 2017) Azeez O. M.; Basiru A; Abdulbaqi R.; Olaifa, F. H.; Adah A. S.; Anigbogu, C.N.
The present study was carried out to investigate the actions of Moringa oleifera aqeous extract in ameliorating the effect of petrol vapour on atrial functions of Winstar rats to that of standard anti hypertensive drugs (captopril and candesartan cilexetil). Twenty five adult male Winstar rats were divided into five groups with five rats in each group. Animals in group 1 (control) were not exposed to petrol fume. Group 2 was exposed to petrol vapour only. Groups 3, 4,and 5 were pretreated with aqueous extract of Moringa oleifera (40mg/kg), captopril (25 mg/kg) and candesartan cilexetil (16mg/kg) respectively before exposure to petrol vapour for10 minutes daily for eight weeks. Exposure to petrol vapour was generated by using human compressor nebulizer adapted for rats and connected to fume chamber where the rats were kept. The pretreatment were administered by gavage using the oral cannula. At the end of the experimental period, rats were anesthetized with 1% chloralose and 25% urethane intraperitoneally; the electrocardiography was done using EDAN 10. The study showed that exposure to petrol vapour resulted in atrial fibrillation and this was ameliorated by ageous Moringa oleifera extract. The result obtained was comparable to that of candesartan. The study concluded that the since the action of Moringa oleifera resembled that of candesartan, Moriga oleifera is suggested to be have an Angiotensin II receptor blocker effects
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A semantic framework for e-commerce using web ontology language 2
(the Faculty of Natural and Applied Sciences, Al-Hikmah University, Ilorin, 2017) Jimoh, R. G.; Kinssinger, S.; Agbo, F. J.; AbdulRaheem, M.; Tomori, R. A.; Salimonu, I. R.
Several web applications have been deployed by business enterprises through which their products would not only be made available on the internet, but also enable their prospective consumers to be able to follow some procedures to make their purchases online. This is normally achieved with the help of some technologies provided by the Semantic Web, namely Resource Description Framework (RDF), Resource Description Framework Schema (RDFS), DARPA Agent Markup Language (DAML) plus Ontology Inference Layer (OIL) and Web Ontology Language (OWL1). The Present study leverages on some of the Semantic Web technologies mentioned in the previous sentence in order to design a Semantic framework for enhancing Business to Consumer (B2C) e-commerce applications. In this paper, the researchers developed OWL 2 ontology rich in more expressive OWL constructs for rich entailments. Qualified Cardinality Restriction (QCR) which OWL 2 is known for, is also applied to the ontology. Also in this paper, the researchers compared two popular reasoners in querying the underlying ontology in a programmatic way. The overall aim of this research is to provide a more efficient framework for B2C through the right choice and combination of some Semantic Web languages.
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Toxicological, Biochemical and Histopathological Effects of Ethanol Extract of Clerodenrum volubile in rodents
(Library and Publications Committee, University of Ilorin, Ilorin., 2020) Ologe, Mary Olufunmilayo; Olarenwaju, Olufunmilayo; Banjo, O. C; Alabi, Babatunde Adebola; Akinpelu, Bola O.; Akomolafe, Rufus O.; Iwalewa, Ezekiel Olugbenga
Clerodendrum volubile is commonly known and consumed among other leafy vegetables in south-west and south-south Nigeria. This study was designed to evaluate the toxicological, biochemical and histopathological effects of Clerodendrum volubile ethanol extract in rodents. The toxicity profile of the ethanol extract of Clerodendrum volubile by determining its effects after acute and sub-chronic oral administration in mice and rats, respectively using standard methods. No death and signs of toxicity and no negative behavioral changes were observed in the extract at 5000 mg/kg in mice during the acute toxicity test. In rats, single oral alternate daily doses of Clerodendrum volubile extract (250, 500 and 1000 mg/kg), given for 30 days, resulted in increased body weights in treated rats compared to controls. No significant changes in organ weights were observed. There was no significant difference in the plasma activity of ALT and ALP in the treated rats compared with the control group. However, AST levels were significantly lower in the higher dose levels (500 and 1000 mg/kg) compared with the control group. The administration of the extract did not alter significantly AST and ALT activities in the liver. Kidney uric acid and creatinine concentrations revealed the extract had no deleterious effect on the kidney. No treatment-related histoarchitectural changes were observed in the liver and kidney. Clerodendrum volubile is safe for human consumption. However, it is advisable to apply some caution with its chronic use.
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Board characteristics, audit firm choice and Environmental, Social and Governance Reporting in Environmentally Sensitive Listed Firms in Nigeria.
(Published by Université Felix Houphouet Boigny (Côte d’Ivoire), 2025) Adigbole E. A.; Yahaya M.; Dikki A. C.; Abogun S.
The study examined the role of board characteristics and audit firm choice in the Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) disclosure in the Nigerian companies. The variables included in the analysis included ESG disclosure which was measured by Global Reporting Initiative (GRI) framework; audit firm choice; and board characteristics, including independence, gender diversity, meeting frequency, and board size, and the control variables, including firm size, profitability and leverage. The secondary data were obtained using annual reports of 26 companies on the Nigerian Stock Exchange in six years of 2018-2023. The dataset was analyzed using panel corrected standard errors. Findings revealed that board independence had statistically significant positive impact on ESG disclosure at the 1 percent level of significance, hence, highlighting the critical role of independent directors in promoting ESG reporting. Furthermore, this relationship was moderated by audit firm choice, which implies that the effect of independent directors on ESG disclosure is strengthened by the presence of a specific audit firm as well at the 1% level of significance. The study found out that board attributes and audit firm selection jointly determine ESG disclosure practices in Nigerian companies. Therefore, the authors recommend that organisations should strengthen their board characteristics i.e. by focusing on appointment of independent directors who provide independent oversight and provide balance in corporate decisions and interests of stakeholders.
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Cassava value chain as instrument for economic growth and profitability in Kwara State, Nigeria
(Faculty of Agriculture, South Valley University (SVU), Egypt, 2026-03-28) BELEWU Kafayat Yemisi, IBRAHIM Hussein Kobe, OLANIYAN Abimbola Rokibat , OLUWADARE Olusegun Akinola, BELLO Kamoru Atanda, and MUHAMMEDSherifat Mojisola
Cassava is a staple crop widely consumed across African households, with the majority of tubers produced used locally in traditional meals. This study examines the value chain of cassava in Kwara state, focusing on producers, processors, and marketers. Using a multistage sampling technique, data were collected from these key actors and analyzed through descriptive statistics, mean rating analysis, and gross margin calculations. Findings reveal that 75%of cassava farmers are males, while 95% of both processors and marketers are females. Most respondents possess formal education, predominantly at the secondary level. Among producers, mechanization is limited primarily to tractor use, with minimal adoption of other technologies such as planters and harvesters. Processors commonly use traditional tools like graters, pressers, cutters, and pounders, but few have integrated modern equipment like fryers and peelers. Marketers lag further behind in technology adoption; only a small fraction utilize the internet for information access and advertising, and most do not employ packaging logos or improved transportation methods. Economic analysis indicates gross margins of ₦1,020,000 for producers, ₦60,000 for processors, and ₦20,000formarketers, highlighting cassava farming as the most profitable segment within the value chain. However, respondents face significant challenges including limited access to credit, high labor, input costs, and inadequate extension services. Cassava farming is profitable, processors and marketers require enhanced financial and technical support to increase their profitability. Targeted education on adopting improved technologies, improved access to credit facilities, and strengthened government extension services to provide technical assistance is therefore recommended